Invasive Weeds in Georgia

Evans, C.W., C.T. Bargeron, D.J. Moorhead & G.K. Douce. 2005. The Bugwood Network, The University of Georgia.

Small broomrape

Orobanche minor Sm.

Small broomrape is a parasitic, herbaceous, annual plant, growing up to 22 inches tall. It attaches to the roots of broadleaf hosts. The fleshy stem is yellow to straw-colored. The alternate leaves are small, triangular flaps. Flowers, borne on terminal clusters, are snapdragon-like with 1/2-inch petals. The flowers are whitish to yellow with violet markings. Seeds are abundant, long-lived, and minute. Roots are short, unbranched and scaly, attached to the roots of the host plant.

Small broomrape is native to the Middle East and was probably introduced with contaminated seed. It occurs sporadically in the Southeast as well as Washington State. It is found in portions of southwestern Georgia.

There is some concern that small broomrape may spread to infest crops such as legume forages and leafy green vegetables. Heavy infestations can cause crop failure, causing this plant to be listed as a federal noxious weed. It can be spread through contaminated seeds, soil, equipment, and shoes. The seeds are very long-lived, remaining viable for over 10 years.

Small broomrape is a federal noxious weed; any occurrence should be promptly reported.

Recommended herbicides for control:
Glyphosate, amine, amine with dicamba

Containment:
The best method of control is containment of current populations. Do not remove soil or vegetation from the infested site. Do not mow before contacting appropriate personnel. Thoroughly clean equipment and brush shoes after visiting infested site.

Photo by Richard Carter, Valdosta State University